Codeine: Prescription Drug Abuse & Testing
Codeine: Prescription Drug Abuse & Testing
Free Online Articles Directory
Why Submit Articles?
Top Authors
Top Articles
FAQ
AB Answers
Publish Article
0 && $ .browser.msie ) {
var ie_version = parseInt($ .browser.version);
if(ie_version Hello Guest
Login
Login via
Register
Hello
My Home
Sign Out
Email
Password
Remember me?
Lost Password?
Home Page > Health > Codeine: Prescription Drug Abuse & Testing
Codeine: Prescription Drug Abuse & Testing
Edit Article |
Posted: Jan 04, 2008 |Comments: 0
| Views: 727
|
Share
]]>
Syndicate this Article
Copy to clipboard
Codeine: Prescription Drug Abuse & Testing
By: Tarun Gupta
About the Author
This Article is written by Tarun Gupta, the author of TestCountry Health Information Resources, a longer version of this article is located at Codeine Drug Testing, and resources from other home health and wellness testing sources are used such as TestCountry Substance Abuse..
(ArticlesBase SC #296263)
Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/ – Codeine: Prescription Drug Abuse & Testing
Introduction:
Codeine or methylmorphine is an opiate used for its analgesic, antitussive and antidiarrheal properties. It is marketed as the salts codeine sulfate and codeine phosphate. Codeine hydrochloride is more commonly marketed in continental Europe and other regions.
Codeine is an alkaloid found in opium in concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 3.0 percent. While codeine can be extracted from opium, most codeine is synthesized from morphine through the process of O-methylation. The chemical name of codeine phosphate is 7,8-Didehydro-4,5alpha-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl morphinan-6alpha-ol phosphate (1:1) (salt) hemi-hydrate.
Codeine Dosage & Administration:
Each soluble tablet contains 30 mg (0.074 mmol) or 60 mg (0.15 mmol) of codeine phosphate. Codeine is safe at dosage from 10-60mg at once. However, when Codeine is used recreationally it is between 60mg to 400 mg in one shot. If an individual uses more than 400 mg in one shot, it exceeds the amount of drug the liver can metabolize at once which means that it will be wasted. Codeine is usually taken orally, rectally (via the anus) and is also given as a shot. It is never, however, be snorted, smoked or injected intravenously.
Codeine Prescription:
Codeine is medically prescribed for the relief of moderate pain and cough suppression. It is made into tablets either alone or in combination with aspirin or acetaminophen (i.e., Tylenol with Codeine,). As a cough suppressant, codeine is found in a number of liquid preparations. Codeine is also used to a lesser extent as an injectable solution for the treatment of pain.
Codeine Abuse:
Codeine products are largely diverted from legitimate sources to the illicit market where it forms the daily dose of a large chunk of drug abusers. Prescription drug abuse involves multi-billion dollar market in the US alone and codeine is a significant “contributor” to it!
Euphoric effects associated with opiates are one of the major reasons for wide spread codeine usage. Easy availability of codeine further promotes its use for recreational purposes. Codeine can be obtained either over the counter in low doses or through prescription combination drugs.
Effects of Codeine Abuse:
Just like any other prescription drug abuse, Codeine abuse is largely reflected in the physiological state of health of a drug abuser. There are many common adverse drug reactions that are associated with the use of codeine. These include – euphoria, itching, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, dry mouth, miosis (pupil shortening), orthostatic hypotension, urinary retention and constipation. Compared to morphine, codeine produces less analgesia, sedation, and respiratory depression, and is usually taken orally. However, as with most other drugs, prolonged use of codeine results in development of tolerance to many of its effects and thus, abuser also becomes tolerant to its therapeutic effects.
Prescription Laws:
In the United States, Codiene is regulated by the Controlled Substances Act. It is a controlled substance for pain-relief products containing codeine alone or more than 90 mg per dosage unit. Preparations for cough or diarrhea containing small amounts of codeine in combination with two or more other active ingredients may be dispensed in amounts up to 4 fl. oz. per 48 hours without a prescription. In locales where dilute codeine preparations are non-prescription, anywhere from very few to perhaps a moderate percentage of pharmacists will sell these preparations without a prescription.
Codeine Testing:
There is diverse array of techniques available to test for drug abuse and codeine is no exception. It can be detected using any of the following methods:
•Urine based codeine testing
•Hair follicle based Codeine detection
•Gas Chromatography based Codeine detection
•Mass spectrometry based Codeine testing
•Codeine-specific Antibody based detection kits
Most of the codeine is excreted within 24 hours. However, 5% to 15% of codeine remains unchanged and some part may also exist as a product of glucuronide conjugates of codeine and its metabolites which may be detected by above said methods.
Retrieved from “http://www.articlesbase.com/health-articles/codeine-prescription-drug-abuse-testing-296263.html”
(ArticlesBase SC #296263)
Tarun Gupta -
About the Author:
This Article is written by Tarun Gupta, the author of TestCountry Health Information Resources, a longer version of this article is located at Codeine Drug Testing, and resources from other home health and wellness testing sources are used such as TestCountry Substance Abuse..
]]>
Rate this Article
1
2
3
4
5
vote(s)
1 vote(s)
Feedback
RSS
Print
Email
Re-Publish
Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/health-articles/codeine-prescription-drug-abuse-testing-296263.html
Article Tags:
prescription drug abuse, drug abuse, codeine drug testing, substance abuse
Related Videos
Related Articles
Latest Health Articles
More from Tarun Gupta
Pharmaceuticals: Phenergan with Codeine
A pharmacist explains how Phenergan with codeine works, why doctors prescribe this antihistamine, and common side effects of the drug. (02:44)
Pharmaceuticals: Tylenol with Codeine
A pharmacist explains how Tylenol with codeine works, why doctors prescribe this pain killer, and some common side effects of the drug. (02:23)
Pharmaceuticals: OxyContin
A pharmacist explains how OxyContin works, why doctors prescribe this pain killer, and common side effects of the drug. (02:33)
Teenagers and Drug Abuse
Warren Seigel, MD
Adolescent Medicine, talks about Drug abuse among teens (02:48)
Where to Get Help for Drug Abusers
If you know that your young children are abusing drugs, who should you talk to and what can you do in order to help your child? Find out more in this video. (00:58)
Darvocet, Darvon & Tylenol: Prescription Drug Abuse & Testing
Dextropropoxyphenes:
These are the mild analgesic agents of the opioid category which are frequently used to treat mild to moderate pain. These are also used as antitussive i.e. a medicine used to suppress or relieve coughing.
Use & Abuse:
Dextropropoxyphene, like codeine, is a weak opioid. However, approximately 10-20% of the Caucasian population is unable to metabolize codeine, so dextropropoxyphene is particularly useful with such people. In pure form, dextropropoxyphene is commonly used
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Jan 04, 2008
lViews: 235
Ultram: Prescription Drug Abuse & Testing
Ultram is the trade name for Tramadol which is an atypical opioid. It is a synthetic agent, as a 4-phenyl-piperidine analogue of codeine, and appears to have actions on the GABAergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic systems & is thus used as a centrally acting analgesic for treating moderate to severe pain.
Tramadol is usually marketed as the hydrochloride salt (tramadol hydrochloride) and is available in both injectable (intravenous and/or intramuscular) and oral preparations. It is also availa
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Jan 04, 2008
lViews: 631
OTC Drug Abuse at Work – Employer Issues
OTC (Over The Counter) drug abuse is just as real and just as serious an issue as alcohol and drug abuse at work. This is a particularly difficult situation in terms of administration of drug testing for employees, because the abuse is sometimes quite innocent, but still dangerous to the health of those affected.
By:
Stephen M Lanel
Food and Beverage>
Drinksl
Jun 17, 2010
Drug Testing and Detection Periods of Commonly Abused Drugs
There are various methods to check for drug abuse by an individual. Various testing methods like urine test, saliva test, hair test, sweat test are done to identify whether or not a specific drug or metabolite (substance formed after processing in body) is present in body. The time after last drug consumption for which the drug as metabolite can be detected is called the drug detection period.
By:
James Fosterl
Healthl
Dec 30, 2009
Employment Urine Drug Testing Procedures
Urine drug testing is a procedure of chemical analysis designed to screen patients or individuals for drug abuse. It is also used to ensure that a person is substance-free before undergoing any medical procedure. Drug screening, also known as toxicology screening is an effective method to determine possible accidental or deliberate overdose and poisoning. If the person is suspected of using illegal substance, urine tests can assess the classification and prescription dosage of illegal drugs use
By:
joon smithl
Arts & Entertainment>
Humorl
Feb 19, 2010
lViews: 132
Dilaudid: Prescription Drug Abuse & Testing
Dilaudid is the trade name of hydromorphone hydrochloride which is a hydrogenated ketone of morphine that is used as an opioid analgesic to treat moderate to severe pain. White coat clad chaps call it 4, 5α-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17 methylmorphinan-6-one hydrochloride in their language.
Some bacteria have been shown to be able to turn morphine into hydromorphone. As reported in the July 1993 issue of Applied Environmental Bacteriology, the bacterium Pseudomonas putida, serotype M10, a naturally occurr
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Jan 04, 2008
lViews: 570
How Urine Drug Testing Is Done?
Most medium to large companies do urine drug testing. Many people used drugs and work at the same time. Drug free workers think better and safer. They look for worker safety. Do you want to know more about what these tests detect? There are two types of urine tests. Read this article to find out what the tests look for.
By:
Rudy Silval
Careers>
Career Managementl
Mar 07, 2010
lViews: 177
Dalak (Massage) in Unani Medicine
It is the type of exercise in which surface of the body rubbed with hands so as to increase the blood circulation and remove waste materials from the body. Massage has been described under the heading of exercise, because it executes the same function as exercise i.e. it disintegrates the waste products, liquefies the viscid matter, produces energy and strengthens ligaments & tendons. (Kulliyat e nafeesi).
By:
Dr Izharul Hasanl
Healthl
Nov 07, 2010
Acai Berries
Acai Max Cleanse You’ll find numerous health products in the market which are presently there on the racks in the supermarkets as well as retailers like GNC. Presently there are wide ranging supplements that are effective but also have a number of side effects. One can find several colon cleansing products which have a great impact on your colon as well as there are usually extremely few men and women whom may actually understand this complete effect. Although presently there tend …
By:
Acai Berriesl
Healthl
Nov 07, 2010
Get your Own Stop Sweating and Start Living ebook
Sweating problems have become a very common syndrome among a lot of people. In fact there are a growing number of people with this alarming concern. Yet even if they know there is a possible cure and treatment for this ailment and that it can be addressed very easily, some people just choose to neglect their sweating problems issues and think they can deal with society without being troubled at all.
By:
Troy P. Troutnerl
Healthl
Nov 07, 2010
Natural Colon Cleansers that Works
There are now more consumers who are conscious about colon wellbeing and are now purchasing cleansers that aid them maintain good health. Compared to more than twenty years ago, this trend seems to suggest that customers are getting very careful with health matters that is relevant to the digestive system. This is not unpredicted given that so various cancer patients have been reported and many of them have contracted colon cancer.
By:
MarkNovinsonl
Healthl
Nov 07, 2010
Choosing the Best Sunscreen for your Family
When you are looking for a high quality sun screen for your family, your main concern is often the level of protection it provides. Sun cream may be the first thing you pack when going abroad but the reality is that you and your family can still suffer skin damage from harmful UV rays in Britain, even when it is cloudy. You may put up with sticky creams and thick gooey sun block on holiday but when you need daily protection; you may skip the sun cream in favour of comfort.
By:
Tracey Parryl
Healthl
Nov 07, 2010
The Importance of Drinking Water
We all need water to survive. Some people believe that as long as they drink coke or other soft drinks as well as juice with no fruit, milk or other liquid, that it’s the same as getting their water intake. We need pure water to hydrate our bodies and flush out impurities like no other drink can.
By:
EffieYoungl
Healthl
Nov 07, 2010
Collaborative Efforts to Reduce the Spread of STDs
STDs seems to be a rising trend in the US. The stigma associated with getting tested and/or having an STD keeps many people from getting tested. The ability to offer STD screening services online will make the process more affordable, convenient and confidential and hopefully more patient friendly. Communication and education are also key factors that will prevent the spread of STDs.
By:
Erin Farrl
Healthl
Nov 07, 2010
Tips on Where to Buy a Stop Sweating and Start Living Book
Most people nowadays have become very conscious of how to they can continuously improve their grooming habits. What may have contributed to this are the numerous reading materials like magazine and newspaper articles that are filled with articles on how people can improve themselves physically, how to improve their personality and also their hygiene.
By:
Troy P. Troutnerl
Healthl
Nov 07, 2010
Steroidal Use by Young Women: a Focus on Women, Steroids & Sports
Steroids, once notoriously famous for their abuse by bodybuilders, fitness buffs, and professional athletes, have found their way into wardrobes of many young damsels nowadays.
By:
Tarun Guptal
Health>
Wellnessl
Sep 18, 2008
lViews: 415
Teenage Steroid Use: a Disturbing Trend Amongst High School Kids
Steroids are well famous for their testosterone simulating properties of building muscle mass and enhancing endurance and thus have been notoriously abused to boost stamina and athletic performance since shortly after their conception. As a result, the incidences of non-medicinal use of steroids have increased considerably in recent years, particularly amongst adolescents & high school students often without their parents ever getting to know about it!
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Sep 18, 2008
lViews: 1,321
Common Steroid Pills: Types & Effects of Use
Search Engines, what a luxury they are! For they are a real comfort to those bootlegging myriad of extrajudicial poppin’ pills, which frequently include Steroids! These pills are often based on various male sex hormones that lead to the development of secondary male sexual characteristics, for instance, testosterone. They are medically termed as Androgens & Anabolic Steroids, although on the street, they are better known as – juices, toners or candy!
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Sep 18, 2008
lViews: 1,928
Steroids: Who Uses Steroids & Why?
Steroids have no doubt, proved their medicinal worth over a period of time; however, they have also been notoriously abused for their muscle building attributes. Consequently, they have, since long, been put to an auxiliary use for increasing the muscular mass and physical strength, particularly by people involved in different sports and bodybuilding.
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Sep 18, 2008
All About Anabolic Steroids: Types, General Effects, Conceptions & Misconceptions
Steroids or anabolic steroids are a class of hormones affecting the development and growth of sex organs. The artificially synthesized hormones are frequently related to the hormone testosterone which is a potent androgenic hormone produced chiefly by the testes in males and & also to lesser extent by ovaries in females.
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Sep 18, 2008
lViews: 1,163
Testosterone Levels: How Do They Change Over Time?
We all go through a range of dynamically regulated hormonal changes through different stages of our lives. These changes are characteristic to many variables such as age, sex, pathological condition, and exogenous administration of drugs or in the form of dietary steroids.
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Sep 18, 2008
lViews: 1,032
Testosterone / Epitestosterone Ratio: How is it Significant?
Testosterone is an anabolic steroid & a potent androgenic hormone which is produced naturally in the body by the male testes as well as female ovaries, although the proportional production in males and females vary significantly.
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Sep 18, 2008
Basics of Steroid Testing: a Layman’s Guide to Steroids
Testosterone, which is a type of anabolic-androgenic steroids, is known to build muscle tissue & cause the development of male secondary sex characteristics.
By:
Tarun Guptal
Healthl
Sep 18, 2008
lViews: 568
Add new Comment
Your Name: *
Your Email:
Comment Body: *
Verification code:*
* Required fields
Submit
Your Articles Here
It’s Free and easy
Sign Up Today
Author Navigation
My Home
Publish Article
View/Edit Articles
View/Edit Q&A
Edit your Account
Manage Authors
Statistics Page
Personal RSS Builder
My Home
Edit your Account
Update Profile
View/Edit Q&A
Publish Article
Author Box
Tarun Gupta has 70 articles online
Contact Author
Subscribe to RSS
Print article
Send to friend
Re-Publish article
Articles Categories
All Categories
Advertising
Arts & Entertainment
Automotive
Beauty
Business
Careers
Computers
Education
Finance
Food and Beverage
Health
Hobbies
Home and Family
Home Improvement
Internet
Judaism
Law
Marketing
News and Society
Relationships
Self Improvement
Shopping
Spirituality
Sports and Fitness
Technology
Travel
Writing
Health
Acne
Allergies
Alternative Medicine
Anti Aging
Cancer
Dental Care
Disabilities
Diseases and Conditions
Hair Loss
Hearing
Medical Tourism
Medicine
Men’s Health
Mental Health
Nutrition
Plastic Surgeries
Quit Smoking
Sleep
Supplements & Vitamins
Vision
Wellness
Women’s Health
]]>
Need Help?
Contact Us
FAQ
Submit Articles
Editorial Guidelines
Blog
Site Links
Recent Articles
Top Authors
Top Articles
Find Articles
Site Map
Webmasters
RSS Builder
RSS
Link to Us
Business Info
Advertising
Use of this web site constitutes acceptance of the Terms Of Use and Privacy Policy | User published content is licensed under a Creative Commons License.
Copyright © 2005-2010 Free Articles by ArticlesBase.com, All rights reserved.
More Drug Abuse Articles
(out of 2 reviews)
